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J Am Soc Nephrol 10:943-952, 1999
© 1999 American Society of Nephrology


REGULAR ARTICLES

Dual Effect of Nitric Oxide Donors on Cyclooxygenase-2 Expression in Human Mesangial Cells

MANUELA DÍAZ-CAZORLA, DOLORES PÉREZ-SALA and SANTIAGO LAMAS

Departamento de Estructura y Función de Proteínas, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas and Instituto "Reina Sofía" de Investigaciones Nefrológicas, C.S.I.C., Velázquez, Madrid, Spain.

Correspondence to Dr. Dolores Pérez-Sala or Dr. Santiago Lamas, Departamento de Estructura y Función de Proteínas, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, C.S.I.C., Velázquez, 144, 28006 Madrid, Spain. Phone: 34 91 5611800; Fax: 34 91 5627518; E-mail: lperezsala{at}fresno.csic.es or slamas{at}fresno.csic.es

Abstract. Nitric oxide (NO) is emerging as a key regulator of gene expression, capable of playing either positive or negative roles. The results of this study indicate that NO exerts a dual effect on cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression in human mesangial cells (HMC). Treatment of HMC with NO synthase inhibitors attenuated interleukin-1ß (IL-1ß)/tumor necrosis factor-{alpha} (TNF-{alpha})-elicited COX-2 protein and mRNA expression, suggesting a positive role of endogenous NO on COX-2 induction. However, NO donors (sodium nitroprusside [SNP] and S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine [SNAP]) amplified cytokine-elicited COX-2 expression at early time points of treatment (up to 8 h for mRNA and up to 24 h for protein expression), but were inhibitory at later times. Oligonucleotide decoy experiments confirmed the importance of nuclear factor {kappa}B (NF-{kappa}B) activation for COX-2 induction by IL-1ß/TNF-{alpha}. Treatment with NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) did not affect initial activation of NF-{kappa}B by IL-1ß/TNF-{alpha}, but unveiled an inhibitory effect of NO generation on NF-{kappa}B activity after 4 h. In HMC supplemented with SNP, cytokine-induced NF-{kappa}B activation was potentiated at early times of induction (5 to 15 min), but inhibited at later times (1 to 4 h), suggesting a dual effect of NO donors on NF-{kappa}B activation. Interestingly, I{kappa}B{alpha} protein levels followed a reciprocal pattern of expression: I{kappa}B{alpha} levels were lower at early times of induction in NO donor-supplemented cells; however, after 1 h of treatment, I{kappa}B{alpha} levels became higher than in cells treated only with cytokines. In the presence of SNP, cytokine-elicited I{kappa}B{alpha} mRNA induction was initially delayed, but was amplified at later times. These changes in I{kappa}B{alpha} expression could contribute to the dual effects of NO donors on NF-{kappa}B activation and COX-2 expression in HMC.




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