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Oncogenic Virus Unit, CNRS URA 1644, Biotechnology Department, Pasteur Institute, Paris, France.
Correspondence to Dr. Marco Pontoglio, Unité des Virus Oncogènes, CNRS URA 1644, Département des Biotechnologies, Institut Pasteur, 25, rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France. Phone: 33 1 456 88514; Fax: 33 1 406 13033; E-mail: marcop{at}pasteur.fr
Abstract. Hepatocyte nuclear factor 1 (HNF1) is a transcription
factor involved in the regulation of a large set of hepatic genes, including
albumin,
-fibrinogen, and
1-antitrypsin. HNF1 is expressed in the
liver, digestive tract, pancreas, and kidney. Mice lacking HNF1 exhibit
hepatic, pancreatic, and renal dysfunctions. HNF1-deficient mice fail to
express the hepatic phenylalanine hydroxylase gene, giving rise to
hyperphenylalaninemia. Renal proximal tubular reabsorption of glucose,
phosphate, arginine, and other metabolites is affected, producing severe renal
glucosuria, phosphaturia, and amino aciduria. Homozygous mutant mice also
exhibit a dramatic insulin secretion defect. This dysfunction resembles that
exhibited by patients with maturity-onset diabetes mellitus of the young type
3, who carry mutations in the human HNF1 gene in the heterozygous state. These
data show that HNF1 is a major regulator of glucose homeostasis, regulating
the expression of genes that are expressed in the liver, kidney, and
pancreas.
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