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*Department of Pharmacology, Osaka City University Medical School, Osaka, Japan; Department of Clinical Hematology and Clinical Diagnostics, Osaka City University Medical School, Osaka, Japan; Gene Experiment Center and Center for Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan; and Department of Urology, Osaka City University Medical School, Osaka, Japan.
Correspondence to Dr. Shokei Kim, Department of Pharmacology, Osaka City University Medical School, 1-4-3 Asahimachi, Abeno, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan. Phone: 81-6-6645-3731; Fax: 81-6-6646-1980;
ABSTRACT. This study examined the role of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase in PDGF-BB–induced proliferation and gene expression of human mesangial cells (MC). PDGF-BB stimulation of MC increased mRNA for transforming growth factor-
1 (TGF-1), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and increased the cell numbers. To inhibit activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), c-Jun amino-terminal kinase (JNK), and p38, MC were infected with recombinant adenovirus containing dominant-negative mutants of ERK, JNK, and p38 (Ad-DN-ERK, Ad-DN-JNK, Ad-DN-p38, respectively), respectively. Infection of MC with Ad-DN-ERK or Ad-DN-JNK inhibited PDGF-BB-induced increase in [3H]thymidine incorporation and cell numbers, whereas Ad-DN-p38 did not. Ad-DN-ERK inhibited MCP-1 and PAI-1 mRNA expression in MC, but not TGF-1. Ad-DN-JNK and Ad-DN-p38 inhibited TGF-1 and MCP-1 mRNA expression, but not PAI-1. The inhibition of activator protein-1 (AP-1) in MC, by adenovirus containing dominant-negative mutant of c-Jun (Ad-DN-c-Jun), inhibited PDGF-BB-induced cell proliferation and TGF-1, MCP-1, and PAI-1 expressions. Furthermore, Ad-DN-JNK or Ad-DN-p38, but not Ad-DN-ERK, attenuated PDGF-BB-induced AP-1 activation in MC, indicating the involvement of JNK and p38 in AP-1 activation. Our results indicated that ERK and JNK, but not p38, participated in PDGF-BB-induced MC proliferation. PDGF-BB-induced expression of TGF-1 was mediated by JNK and p38, MCP-1 expression was through ERK, JNK, and p38, whereas PAI-1 expression was due to only ERK. AP-1 activation, which was partially due to JNK and p38 activations, was involved in MC proliferation and these three gene expressions. Thus, three MAP kinases seem to contribute to progression of glomerular disease via different molecular mechanisms. E-mail: kims@med.osaka-cu.ac.jp
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