 |
||||
| 2007 JASN IMPACT FACTOR 7.111 | HOME AUTHOR INFO EDITORIAL BOARD SUBSCRIBE FEEDBACK ALERTS HELP | |||
| CURRENT ISSUE | ARCHIVES | JASN Express | ONLINE SUBMISSION | |
|
||||
| 2007 JASN IMPACT FACTOR 7.111 | HOME AUTHOR INFO EDITORIAL BOARD SUBSCRIBE FEEDBACK ALERTS HELP | |||
| CURRENT ISSUE | ARCHIVES | JASN Express | ONLINE SUBMISSION | |
FRONTIERS IN NEPHROLOGY |
Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
Correspondence to Dr. Brent E. Wisse, Harborview Medical Center, 325 Ninth Avenue, Box 359757, Seattle, WA, 98104-2499. Phone: 206-341-4620; Fax: 206-731-8522; E-mail: bewisse{at}u.washington.edu
The metabolic effects of obesity have made this highly prevalent disease one of the most common risk factors for diabetes, hypertension, and atherosclerosis, the leading causes of end-stage renal failure. However, obesity per se, as defined by body mass index, is less predictive of the development of these diseases than is the presence of a constellation of obesity-related abnormalities now known as the metabolic syndrome. Recognition of this syndrome, which can readily be identified in clinical settings using defined threshold values for waist circumference, BP, fasting glucose, and dyslipidemia, allows for earlier intervention in these high-risk patients. Systemic insulin resistance has been implicated as one possible factor that links visceral obesity to adverse metabolic consequences; however, the mechanism whereby adipose tissue causes alterations in insulin sensitivity remains unclear. Infection and inflammation are commonly associated with insulin resistance, and visceral obesity is associated with a chronic, low-grade inflammatory state, suggesting that inflammation may be a potential mechanism whereby obesity leads to insulin resistance. Moreover, adipose tissue is now recognized as an immune organ that secretes numerous immunomodulatory factors and seems to be a significant source of inflammatory signals known to cause insulin resistance. Therefore, inflammation within white adipose tissue may be a crucial step contributing to the emergence of many of the pathologic features that characterize the metabolic syndrome and result in diabetes and atherosclerosis. This review describes the role of proinflammatory cytokines and hormones released by adipose tissue in generating the chronic inflammatory profile associated with visceral obesity.
This article has been cited by other articles:
 |
|
 |
|
  H. Sasaki, N. Suzuki, R. Kent Jr., N. Kawashima, J. Takeda, and P. Stashenko T Cell Response Mediated by Myeloid Cell-Derived IL-12 Is Responsible for Porphyromonas gingivalis-Induced Periodontitis in IL-10-Deficient Mice J. Immunol., May 1, 2008; 180(9): 6193 - 6198. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 L. G. Sanchez-Lozada, E. Tapia, P. Bautista-Garcia, V. Soto, C. Avila-Casado, I. P. Vega-Campos, T. Nakagawa, L. Zhao, M. Franco, and R. J. Johnson Effects of febuxostat on metabolic and renal alterations in rats with fructose-induced metabolic syndrome Am J Physiol Renal Physiol, April 1, 2008; 294(4): F710 - F718. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. F. Knight, J. E. Quigley, J. Yuan, S. S. Roy, A. Elmarakby, and J. D. Imig Endothelial Dysfunction and the Development of Renal Injury in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats Fed a High-Fat Diet Hypertension, February 1, 2008; 51(2): 352 - 359. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. J. Schilder and J. H. Marden Parasites, proteomics and performance: effects of gregarine gut parasites on dragonfly flight muscle composition and function J. Exp. Biol., December 15, 2007; 210(24): 4298 - 4306. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. F. Zoeller JR Physical Activity and Obesity: Their Interaction and Implications for Disease Risk and the Role of Physical Activity in Healthy Weight Management American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine, December 1, 2007; 1(6): 437 - 446. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. F. Zoeller JR Physical Activity: The Role of Physical Activity and Fitness in the Prevention and Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine, October 1, 2007; 1(5): 344 - 350. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 B. Memoli, A. Procino, P. Calabro, P. Esposito, G. Grandaliano, G. Pertosa, M. D. Prete, M. Andreucci, S. D. Lillo, G. Ferulano, et al. Inflammation may modulate IL-6 and C-reactive protein gene expression in the adipose tissue: the role of IL-6 cell membrane receptor Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, October 1, 2007; 293(4): E1030 - E1035. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Kume, T. Uzu, S.-i. Araki, T. Sugimoto, K. Isshiki, M. Chin-Kanasaki, M. Sakaguchi, N. Kubota, Y. Terauchi, T. Kadowaki, et al. Role of Altered Renal Lipid Metabolism in the Development of Renal Injury Induced by a High-Fat Diet J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., October 1, 2007; 18(10): 2715 - 2723. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. M. Scarlett, E. E. Jobst, P. J. Enriori, D. D. Bowe, A. K. Batra, W. F. Grant, M. A. Cowley, and D. L. Marks Regulation of Central Melanocortin Signaling by Interleukin-1{beta} Endocrinology, September 1, 2007; 148(9): 4217 - 4225. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 I. M. Wahba and R. H. Mak Obesity and Obesity-Initiated Metabolic Syndrome: Mechanistic Links to Chronic Kidney Disease Clin. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., May 1, 2007; 2(3): 550 - 562. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. I. Kakafika, D. P. Mikhailidis, A. Karagiannis, and V. G. Athyros The Role of Endocannabinoid System Blockade in the Treatment of the Metabolic Syndrome J. Clin. Pharmacol., May 1, 2007; 47(5): 642 - 652. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. Pitsavos, D. B. Panagiotakos, N. Tzima, Y. Lentzas, C. Chrysohoou, U. N. Das, and C. Stefanadis Diet, Exercise, and C-Reactive Protein Levels in People With Abdominal Obesity: The ATTICA Epidemiological Study Angiology, April 1, 2007; 58(2): 225 - 233. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. A. Kamimura, S. A. Draibe, M. A. Dalboni, M. Cendoroglo, C. M. Avesani, S. R. Manfredi, M. E. F. Canziani, and L. Cuppari Serum and cellular interleukin-6 in haemodialysis patients: relationship with energy expenditure Nephrol. Dial. Transplant., March 1, 2007; 22(3): 839 - 844. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. A. Schulte, G. R. Wagner, A. Ostry, L. A. Blanciforti, R. G. Cutlip, K. M. Krajnak, M. Luster, A. E. Munson, J. P. O'Callaghan, C. G. Parks, et al. Work, Obesity, and Occupational Safety and Health Am J Public Health, March 1, 2007; 97(3): 428 - 436. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Sanchez-Alavez, I. Klein, S. E. Brownell, I. V. Tabarean, C. N. Davis, B. Conti, and T. Bartfai Night eating and obesity in the EP3R-deficient mouse PNAS, February 20, 2007; 104(8): 3009 - 3014. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. Berry, J.-C. Tardif, and M. G. Bourassa Coronary Heart Disease in Patients With Diabetes: Part I: Recent Advances in Prevention and Noninvasive Management J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., February 13, 2007; 49(6): 631 - 642. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. M. Sharma and B. Staels Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor {gamma} and Adipose Tissue--Understanding Obesity-Related Changes in Regulation of Lipid and Glucose Metabolism J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., February 1, 2007; 92(2): 386 - 395. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. De Lorenzo, V. Del Gobbo, M. G. Premrov, M. Bigioni, F. Galvano, and L. Di Renzo Normal-weight obese syndrome: early inflammation? Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, January 1, 2007; 85(1): 40 - 45. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. J. Schilder and J. H. Marden Metabolic syndrome and obesity in an insect PNAS, December 5, 2006; 103(49): 18805 - 18809. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 B. C-H. Chiu, S. M. Gapstur, P. Greenland, R. Wang, and A. Dyer Body Mass Index, Abnormal Glucose Metabolism, and Mortality from Hematopoietic Cancer Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., December 1, 2006; 15(12): 2348 - 2354. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. Cirillo, W. Sato, S. Reungjui, M. Heinig, M. Gersch, Y. Sautin, T. Nakagawa, and R. J. Johnson Uric Acid, the Metabolic Syndrome, and Renal Disease J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., December 1, 2006; 17(12_suppl_3): S165 - S168. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
W. Cozen, M. Gebregziabher, D. V. Conti, D. J. Van Den Berg, G. A. Coetzee, S. S. Wang, N. Rothman, L. Bernstein, P. Hartge, A. Morhbacher, et al. Interleukin-6-Related Genotypes, Body Mass Index, and Risk of Multiple Myeloma and Plasmacytoma. Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., November 1, 2006; 15(11): 2285 - 2291. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. J. Ryan, G. R. McLemore Jr, and S. T. Hendrix Insulin Resistance and Obesity in a Mouse Model of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Hypertension, November 1, 2006; 48(5): 988 - 993. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. L. Turgeon, M. C. Carr, P. M. Maki, M. E. Mendelsohn, and P. M. Wise Complex Actions of Sex Steroids in Adipose Tissue, the Cardiovascular System, and Brain: Insights from Basic Science and Clinical Studies Endocr. Rev., October 1, 2006; 27(6): 575 - 605. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 V. Vachharajani and S. Vital Obesity and sepsis. J Intensive Care Med, September 1, 2006; 21(5): 287 - 295. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G. L. Jensen Inflammation as the Key Interface of the Medical and Nutrition Universes: A Provocative Examination of the Future of Clinical Nutrition and Medicine JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr, September 1, 2006; 30(5): 453 - 463. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Schaffler, U. Muller-Ladner, J. Scholmerich, and C. Buchler Role of Adipose Tissue as an Inflammatory Organ in Human Diseases Endocr. Rev., August 1, 2006; 27(5): 449 - 467. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. G. Smith and G. E. O. Muscat Orphan nuclear receptors: therapeutic opportunities in skeletal muscle Am J Physiol Cell Physiol, August 1, 2006; 291(2): C203 - C217. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Sell, D. Dietze-Schroeder, U. Kaiser, and J. Eckel Monocyte Chemotactic Protein-1 Is a Potential Player in the Negative Cross-Talk between Adipose Tissue and Skeletal Muscle Endocrinology, May 1, 2006; 147(5): 2458 - 2467. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. Locatelli, P. Pozzoni, and L. Del Vecchio Renal Manifestations in the Metabolic Syndrome. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., April 1, 2006; 17(4_suppl_2): S81 - S85. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Gary-Bobo, G. Elachouri, B. Scatton, G. Le Fur, F. Oury-Donat, and M. Bensaid The Cannabinoid CB1 Receptor Antagonist Rimonabant (SR141716) Inhibits Cell Proliferation and Increases Markers of Adipocyte Maturation in Cultured Mouse 3T3 F442A Preadipocytes Mol. Pharmacol., February 1, 2006; 69(2): 471 - 478. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. Modugno, R. B. Ness, C. Chen, and N. S. Weiss Inflammation and Endometrial Cancer: A Hypothesis Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., December 1, 2005; 14(12): 2840 - 2847. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Utaka, C. M Avesani, S. A Draibe, M. A Kamimura, S. Andreoni, and L. Cuppari Inflammation is associated with increased energy expenditure in patients with chronic kidney disease Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, October 1, 2005; 82(4): 801 - 805. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. Li, Z. Zhu, Y. Lu, and J. G. Granneman Metabolic and cellular plasticity in white adipose tissue II: role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-{alpha} Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, October 1, 2005; 289(4): E617 - E626. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. Jiang, Z. Wang, G. Proctor, S. Moskowitz, S. E. Liebman, T. Rogers, M. S. Lucia, J. Li, and M. Levi Diet-induced Obesity in C57BL/6J Mice Causes Increased Renal Lipid Accumulation and Glomerulosclerosis via a Sterol Regulatory Element-binding Protein-1c-dependent Pathway J. Biol. Chem., September 16, 2005; 280(37): 32317 - 32325. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. J. Martin, J. G. Woo, S. R. Daniels, E. Goodman, and L. M. Dolan The Relationships of Adiponectin with Insulin and Lipids Are Strengthened with Increasing Adiposity J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., July 1, 2005; 90(7): 4255 - 4259. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Kurella, J. C. Lo, and G. M. Chertow Metabolic Syndrome and the Risk for Chronic Kidney Disease among Nondiabetic Adults J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., July 1, 2005; 16(7): 2134 - 2140. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. R. Chade, A. Lerman, and L. O. Lerman Kidney in Early Atherosclerosis Hypertension, June 1, 2005; 45(6): 1042 - 1049. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Chait, C. Y. Han, J. F. Oram, and J. W. Heinecke Thematic review series: The Immune System and Atherogenesis. Lipoprotein-associated inflammatory proteins: markers or mediators of cardiovascular disease? J. Lipid Res., March 1, 2005; 46(3): 389 - 403. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. K. Abrass Overview: Obesity: What Does It Have to Do with Kidney Disease? J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., November 1, 2004; 15(11): 2768 - 2772. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. R. Schelling and J. R. Sedor The Metabolic Syndrome as a Risk Factor for Chronic Kidney Disease: More than a Fat Chance? J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., November 1, 2004; 15(11): 2773 - 2774. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
HOME
CURRENT ISSUE
ARCHIVES
JASN Express
ONLINE SUBMISSION
AUTHOR INFO
EDITORIAL BOARD SUBSCRIBE FEEDBACK ALERTS HELP |
Copyright © 2008 by the American Society of Nephrology. Online ISSN: 1533-3450 Print ISSN: 1046-6673
