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J Am Soc Nephrol 15:1140-1144, 2004
© 2004 American Society of Nephrology

FRONTIERS IN NEPHROLOGY

Somatic Cell Cloning: The Ultimate Form of Nuclear Reprogramming?

Jorge A. Piedrahita*, Bashir Mir*, Scott Dindot* and Shawn Walker{dagger}

*Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh; and {dagger}Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station.

Correspondence to Dr. Jorge A. Piedrahita, Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27606. Phone: 919-515-7407; Fax: 919-513-7301; E-mail: jorge_piedrahita{at}ncsu.edu

ABSTRACT. With the increasing difficulties associated with meeting the required needs for organs used in transplantation, alternative approaches need to be considered. These include the use of stem cells as potential sources of specialized cells, the ability to transdifferentiate cell types in culture, and the development of complete organs that can be used in humans. All of the above goals will require a complete understanding of the factors affecting cell differentiation and nuclear reprogramming. To make this a reality, however, techniques associated with cloning and genetic modifications in somatic cells need to be continued to be developed and optimized. This includes not only an enhancement of the rate of homologous recombination in somatic cells, but also a thorough understanding of the nuclear reprogramming process taking place during nuclear transfer. The understanding of this process is likely to have an effect beyond the area of nuclear transfer and assist with better methods for transdifferentiation of mammalian cells.




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