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J Am Soc Nephrol 15:1690-1699, 2004
© 2004 American Society of Nephrology

REVIEWS

The Transient Receptor Potential Superfamily of Ion Channels

Chou-Long Huang

Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, and Charles and Jane Pak Center for Mineral Metabolism and Clinical Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas

Correspondence to Dr. Chou-Long Huang, Department of Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-8856. Phone: 214-648-8627; Fax: 214-648-2071; E-mail: chou-long.huang{at}utsouthwestern.edu

ABSTRACT. The transient receptor potential (TRP) superfamily of proteins is cation-selective ion channels with six predicted transmembrane segments and intracellularly localized amino and carboxyl termini. Members of the TRP superfamily are identified on the basis of amino acid sequence and structural similarity and are classified into TRPC, TRPV, TRPM, TRPP, TRPN, and TRPML subfamilies. TRP channels are widespread and have diverse functions, ranging from thermal, tactile, taste, osmolar, and fluid flow sensing to transepithelial Ca2+ and Mg2+ transport. Mutations of TRP proteins produce many renal diseases, including Mg2+ wasting, hypocalcemia, and polycystic kidney diseases. This review focuses on recent advances in the understanding of their functions.




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