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Mechanisms of Vascular Calcification in Chronic Kidney Disease

Department of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana

Correspondence: Dr. Sharon M. Moe, Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Indiana University, 1001 W. 10th Street, OPW 526, Indianapolis, IN 46202. Phone: 317-278-2868; Fax: 317-278-2860; E-mail: smoe{at}iupui.edu

Vascular calcification is common in chronic kidney disease and associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Its mechanism is multifactorial and incompletely understood. Patients with chronic kidney disease are at risk for vascular calcification because of multiple risk factors that induce vascular smooth muscle cells to change into a chondrocyte or osteoblast-like cell; high total body burden of calcium and phosphorus due to abnormal bone metabolism; low levels of circulating and locally produced inhibitors; impaired renal excretion; and current therapies. Together these factors increase risk and complicate the management of vascular calcification.

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Copyright © 2009 by the American Society of Nephrology. Online ISSN: 1533-3450 Print ISSN: 1046-6673