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Disruption of Guanylyl Cyclase-G Protects against Acute Renal Injury

Heng Lin^*, Ching-Feng Cheng^,, Hsin-Han Hou, Wei-Shiung Lian^,, Ying-Chi Chao, Yi-Yun Ciou, Bambang Djoko, Ming-Tzu Tsai, Chien-Jui Cheng^|| and Ruey-Bing Yang^,¶

^* Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, and Department of Pediatrics, Tzu Chi General Hospital, Taipei Branch, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, ^|| Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine and Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University and Hospital, and ^¶ Institute of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan

Correspondence: Dr. Ruey-Bing Yang, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, 128, Academia Road, Sec. 2, Taipei 11529, Taiwan. Phone: +886-2-2652-3943; Fax: +886-2-2785-8847; E-mail: rbyang{at}ibms.sinica.edu.tw

Received for publication May 8, 2007. Accepted for publication October 11, 2007.

The membrane forms of guanylyl cyclase (GC) serve as cell-surface receptors that synthesize the second messenger cGMP, which mediates diverse cellular processes. Rat kidney contains mRNA for the GC-G isoform, but the role of this receptor in health and disease has not been characterized. It was found that mouse kidney also contains GC-G mRNA, and immunohistochemistry identified GC-G protein in the epithelial cells of the proximal tubule and collecting ducts. Six hours after ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury, GC-G mRNA and protein expression increased three-fold and remained upregulated at 24 h. For determination of whether GC-G mediates I/R injury, a mutant mouse with a targeted disruption of the GC-G gene (Gucy2g) was created. At baseline, no histologic abnormalities were observed in GC-G^–/– mice. After I/R injury, elevations in serum creatinine and urea were attenuated in GC-G^–/– mice compared with wild-type controls, and this correlated with less tubular disruption, less tubular cell apoptosis, and less caspase-3 activation. Measures of inflammation (number of infiltrating neutrophils, myeloperoxidase activity, and induction of IL-6 and P-selectin) and activation of NF-B were lower in GC-G^–/– mice compared with wild-type mice. Direct transfer of a GC-G expression plasmid to the kidneys of GC-G^–/– mice resulted in a dramatically higher mortality after renal I/R injury, further supporting a role for GC-G in mediating injury. In summary, GC-G may act as an early signaling molecule that promotes apoptotic and inflammatory responses in I/R-induced acute renal injury.

Copyright © 2008 by the American Society of Nephrology. Online ISSN: 1533-3450 Print ISSN: 1046-6673