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Published ahead of print on February 6, 2008
J Am Soc Nephrol 19: 433-442, 2008
© 2008 American Society of Nephrology
doi: 10.1681/ASN.2007091048
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Brief Review

The Role of Inflammatory Cytokines in Diabetic Nephropathy

Juan F. Navarro-González*,{dagger},{ddagger} and Carmen Mora-Fernández{dagger}

* Servicio de Nefrología and {dagger} Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, and {ddagger} Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain

Correspondence: Dr. Juan F. Navarro, Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, Carretera del Rosario, 145, 38010 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain. Phone: +34-922-602061; Fax: +34-922-602349; E-mail: jnavgon{at}gobiernodecanarias.org

Cytokines act as pleiotropic polypeptides regulating inflammatory and immune responses through actions on cells. They provide important signals in the pathophysiology of a range of diseases, including diabetes mellitus. Chronic low-grade inflammation and activation of the innate immune system are closely involved in the pathogenesis of diabetes and its microvascular complications. Inflammatory cytokines, mainly IL-1, IL-6, and IL-18, as well as TNF-{alpha}, are involved in the development and progression of diabetic nephropathy. In this context, cytokine genetics is of special interest to combinatorial polymorphisms among cytokine genes, their functional variations, and general susceptibility to diabetic nephropathy. Finally, the recognition of these molecules as significant pathogenic mediators in diabetic nephropathy leaves open the possibility of new potential therapeutic targets.






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Copyright © 2008 by the American Society of Nephrology. Online ISSN: 1533-3450 Print ISSN: 1046-6673