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Transgenic and Infectious Animal Models of HIV-Associated Nephropathy

Paul Rosenstiel^*, Ali Gharavi, Vivette D'Agati and Paul Klotman^*

*Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, and
Departments of Medicine and
Pathology, Columbia College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York

Correspondence: Dr. Paul Klotman, Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, Medicine Box 1118, One Gustave L Levy Place, New York, NY 10029. Phone: 212-241-8807; Fax: 212-876-5844; E-mail: paul.klotman{at}mssm.edu

HIV-associated nephropathy (HIVAN) is a major cause of HIV-related morbidity and mortality. Transgenic and infectious models of HIVAN faithfully recapitulate the human disease and are important tools in advancing our understanding of disease pathogenesis, genetic susceptibility, and therapeutic intervention beyond the inhibition of viral replication. This review discusses the available transgenic murine models and infectious models of HIVAN in mice, rats, nonhuman primates, and felines. Particular emphasis is given to cell type–specific HIV expression as well as partial HIV genome expression used to map HIV-1 Nef and Vpr as pathologic determinants.

Copyright © 2009 by the American Society of Nephrology. Online ISSN: 1533-3450 Print ISSN: 1046-6673