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Serum Phosphorus Levels Associate with Coronary Atherosclerosis in Young Adults

Robert N. Foley^*,, Allan J. Collins^*,, Charles A. Herzog^,, Areef Ishani and Philip A. Kalra

Cardiovascular Special Studies Center, ^* United States Renal Data System, and University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota; and Department of Renal Medicine, Salford Royal Hospital, Salford, United Kingdom

Correspondence: Dr. Robert N. Foley, US Renal Data System, 914 South 8th Street, Suite S-406, Minneapolis, MN 55404. Phone: 612-347-5979; Fax: 612-347-5980; E-mail: rfoley{at}usrds.org

Received for publication February 6, 2008. Accepted for publication August 12, 2008.

Phosphorus levels correlate with atherosclerosis in both animal models and humans with advanced chronic kidney disease, but whether this relationship exists among individuals with normal kidney function is unknown. This study aimed to determine whether an association exists between phosphorus levels and coronary artery calcium levels in a community-based cohort of 3015 healthy young adults in the prospective Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study. Phosphorus levels were measured at baseline, and presence of coronary artery calcium was assessed by computed tomography 15 yr later. Mean age at study inception was 25.2 yr, and the mean levels of phosphorus and calcium were 3.6 and 9.5 mg/dl, respectively. Only 0.2% of participants had estimated GFR <60 ml/min per 1.73 m². Phosphorus levels were associated with coronary artery calcium in unadjusted models. In multivariate models, however, phosphorus levels were significantly associated with the category of coronary artery calcium level. In conclusion, higher serum phosphorus levels, even within the normal range, may be a risk factor for coronary artery atherosclerosis in healthy young adults.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				K. R. Tuttle and R. A. Short Longitudinal Relationships among Coronary Artery Calcification, Serum Phosphorus, and Kidney Function Clin. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., December 1, 2009; 4(12): 1968 - 1973. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. N. Wade and M. P. Reilly Coronary Calcification in Chronic Kidney Disease: Morphology, Mechanisms and Mortality Clin. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., December 1, 2009; 4(12): 1883 - 1885. [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. N. Foley Phosphate Levels and Cardiovascular Disease in the General Population Clin. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., June 1, 2009; 4(6): 1136 - 1139. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Copyright © 2009 by the American Society of Nephrology. Online ISSN: 1533-3450 Print ISSN: 1046-6673