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"Nature versus Nurture" Study of Deceased-Donor Pairs in Kidney Transplantation

Daniel W. Louvar^*, Na Li, Jon Snyder, Yi Peng, Bertram L. Kasiske^*, and Ajay K. Israni^,||

^* Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension and Departments of Biostatistics and ^|| Epidemiology & Community Health and Division of Nephrology, Hennepin County Medical Center, University of Minnesota, and Chronic Disease Research Group, Minneapolis Medical Research Foundation, Minneapolis, Minnesota

Correspondence: Dr. Ajay K. Israni, Hennepin County Medical Center, Department of Medicine, 701 Park Avenue, Minneapolis, MN 55415-1829. Phone: 612-347-5871; Fax: 612-347-2003; E-mail: isran001{at}umn.edu

Received for publication July 11, 2008. Accepted for publication January 6, 2009.

Donor characteristics such as age and cause of death influence the incidence of delayed graft function (DGF) and graft survival; however, the relative influence of donor characteristics ("nature") versus transplant center characteristics ("nurture") on deceased-donor kidney transplant outcomes is unknown. We examined the risks for DGF and allograft failure within 19,461 recipient pairs of the same donor's kidneys using data from the US Renal Data System. For the 11,894 common-donor pairs transplanted at different centers, a recipient was twice as likely to develop DGF when the recipient of the contralateral kidney developed DGF (odds ratio [OR] 2.05; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.82 to 2.30). Similarly, for 7567 common-donor pairs transplanted at the same center, the OR for DGF was 3.02 (95% CI 2.62 to 3.48). For pairs transplanted at the same center, there was an additional 42% risk for DGF compared with pairs transplanted at different centers. After adjustment for DGF, the within-pair ORs for allograft failure by 1 yr were 1.92 (95% CI 1.33 to 2.77) and 1.77 (95% CI 1.25 to 2.52) for recipients who underwent transplantation at the same center and different centers, respectively. These data suggest that both unmeasured donor characteristics and transplant center characteristics contribute to the risk for DGF and that the former also contribute significantly to allograft failure.

Copyright © 2009 by the American Society of Nephrology. Online ISSN: 1533-3450 Print ISSN: 1046-6673