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Published ahead of print on December 31, 2008
J Am Soc Nephrol 20: 1877-1887, 2009
© 2009 American Society of Nephrology
doi: 10.1681/ASN.2008070804
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Brief Reviews

HIF in Kidney Disease and Development

Lakshman Gunaratnam and Joseph V. Bonventre

Renal Division and Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts

Correspondence: Dr. Lakshman Gunaratnam, Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Institutes of Medicine, Room 550, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115. Phone: 617-525-5969; Fax: 617-525-5965; E-mail: lgunaratnam{at}partners.org

Tissue hypoxia is a pathologic feature of many human diseases including cancer, myocardial infarction, stroke, and kidney disease. An evolutionarily conserved oxygen-sensing mechanism enables cells to adapt and maintain homeostasis under hypoxic conditions by transcriptional activation of a host of genes that mediate metabolic adaptation, angiogenesis, energy conservation, erythropoiesis, and cell survival. The hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) comprise a family of oxygen-sensitive basic helix-loop-helix proteins that control the cellular transcriptional response to hypoxia. Inappropriate activation of the HIF system is linked to the development and/or progression of many human malignancies including clear cell renal cancer. HIFs are now postulated to play contrasting protective and pathogenic roles in acute and chronic kidney diseases, respectively. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms of oxygen sensing in renal cells and highlight the role of hypoxia and HIF activation under physiologic conditions and in renal development as well as in acute and chronic kidney diseases.




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Characterization of connective tissue growth factor expression in primary cultures of human tubular epithelial cells: modulation by hypoxia
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[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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