Received September 4, 2007
Accepted on December 21, 2007

CLINICAL RESEARCH

Role of Remission Clinics in the Longitudinal Treatment of CKD

Piero Ruggenenti ^*1, Elena Perticucci , Paolo Cravedi ^*, Vincenzo Gambara , Marco Costantini ^*, Sanjib Kumar Sharma ^*, Annalisa Perna ^*, and Giuseppe Remuzzi ^*

*Clinical Research Centre for Rare Diseases "Aldo e Cele Daccò", Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research, Villa Camozzi, Ranica, and Unit of Nephrology, Azienda Ospedaliera Ospedali Riuniti di Bergamo, Bergamo, Italy; and BP Koriala Institute of Health Sciences, Ghopa Sun Sari, Dharan, Nepal

¹ To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: manuelap{at}marionegri.it.

	Abstract

Heavy proteinuria is a major determinant of progression to ESRD for patients with chronic nephropathies and reducing proteinuria should be a key target for renoprotective therapy. In the Remission Clinic, we applied a multimodal intervention to target urinary proteins in 56 consecutive patients who had >3 g proteinuria/d despite angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor therapy. We compared the rate of GFR decline and incidence of ESRD in this cohort with 56 matched historical reference subjects who had received conventional therapy titrated to a target BP. During a median follow-up of 4 yr, the monthly rate of GFR decline was significantly lower in the Remission Clinic cohort (median -0.17 versus -0.56 ml/min per 1.73 m²; P < 0.0001), and ESRD events were significantly reduced (3.6 versus 30.4% reached ESRD). Follow-up BP, cholesterol, and proteinuria were lower in Remission Clinic patients than in reference subjects, such that disease remission or regression was achieved in up to 50% of patients who would have been otherwise expected to progress rapidly to ESRD on conventional therapy. Proteinuria reduction independently predicted a slower rate of GFR decline and ESRD incidence, but response to treatment differed depending on the underlying disease. Regarding safety, no patient was withdrawn because of hyperkalemia. In summary, multidrug treatment titrated to urinary protein level can be safely and effectively applied to normalize proteinuria and to slow the loss of renal function significantly, especially among patients without type 2 diabetes and with otherwise rapidly progressing chronic nephropathies.