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Obesity: What Does It Have to Do with Kidney Disease?
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Overview: Obesity: What Does It Have to Do with Kidney Disease?

Christine K. Abrass
JASN November 2004, 15 (11) 2768-2772; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/01.ASN.0000141963.04540.3E
Christine K. Abrass
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    Figure 1. Obesity and kidney disease. Diagram shows relationships between components of the metabolic syndrome and the development of renal disease. DM2, type 2 diabetes mellitus, HTN, hypertension.

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    Figure 2. Microalbuminuria: Relationship to the metabolic syndrome. (A) Fifteen percent of the normal population has microalbuminuria. (B) Shows overlap of subsets of individuals who have obesity (OBS; 15 to 20%), hypertension (HTN; 5 to 40%), and diabetes (DM; 15 to 40%) and have microalbuminuria (yellow). This group is at increased risk for cardiovascular disease and renal disease, which is usually associated with insulin resistance/hyperinsulinemia.

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    Christine Abrass, MD

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  • Table 1. Diabetes: Fetal origins of adult diseasea

    MaternalFetalAdultOffspring
    a Fetal exposure to nutritional disturbances affects pancreatic development and influences the insulin response in adulthood that becomes manifest as diabetes. Furthermore, these offspring have an increased rate of gestational diabetes, which in turn increases the risk for future development of type 2 diabetes in their offspring. In this manner, obesity may play a role in escalating the incidence of obesity and its associated diseases, including renal disease.
    Mild hyperglycemiaAsymmetric macrosomia, ↑ insulin, ↑ IGF-1Type 2 diabetes, normal pancreatic mass↑ Risk for type 2 diabetes
    Gestational diabetesIslet hypertrophy and hyperplasiaImpaired glucose tolerance, impaired insulin secretion, ↑ risk for breast cancer
    Severe hyperglycemiaAsymmetric microsomia, ↓ insulin, ↓ IGF-1Type 2 diabetes, ↑ pancreatic mass↑ Risk for type 2 diabetes
    Poorly controlled diabetes↓ Insulin receptors, degranulation of β cellsInsulin resistance, ↑ insulin, cardiovascular disease and renal disease
    Protein restrictionReduced nephron number, ↓ insulin, ↓ pancreatic mass, ↓ β cellsType 2 diabetes, women are insulin resistant, hypertension↑ Risk for type 2 diabetes
    Intrauterine growth retardation
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Journal of the American Society of Nephrology: 15 (11)
Journal of the American Society of Nephrology
Vol. 15, Issue 11
1 Nov 2004
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Overview: Obesity: What Does It Have to Do with Kidney Disease?
Christine K. Abrass
JASN Nov 2004, 15 (11) 2768-2772; DOI: 10.1097/01.ASN.0000141963.04540.3E

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Overview: Obesity: What Does It Have to Do with Kidney Disease?
Christine K. Abrass
JASN Nov 2004, 15 (11) 2768-2772; DOI: 10.1097/01.ASN.0000141963.04540.3E
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More in this TOC Section

  • The Metabolic Syndrome as a Risk Factor for Chronic Kidney Disease: More than a Fat Chance?
  • Obesity-Initiated Metabolic Syndrome and the Kidney: A Recipe for Chronic Kidney Disease?
Show more Obesity: What Does It Have to Do with Kidney Disease?

Cited By...

  • Farnesoid X Receptor Protects against Kidney Injury in Uninephrectomized Obese Mice
  • Urinary Catalytic Iron in Obesity
  • Dietary trans-10, cis-12 Conjugated Linoleic Acid Reduces Early Glomerular Enlargement and Elevated Renal Cyclooxygenase-2 Levels in Young Obese fa/fa Zucker Rats
  • Renal Injury, Abnormal Vitamin D Metabolism and Bone Homeostasis in Aged Rats With Insulin Resistance or Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
  • Role of Altered Renal Lipid Metabolism in the Development of Renal Injury Induced by a High-Fat Diet
  • Diet-induced Obesity in C57BL/6J Mice Causes Increased Renal Lipid Accumulation and Glomerulosclerosis via a Sterol Regulatory Element-binding Protein-1c-dependent Pathway
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