Article Figures & Data
Figures
Figure 1. Schematic overview of the potential interaction between the second messenger pathways activated by insulin and by TNF-α signaling.
Tables
Table 1. Metabolic syndromea
NCEP-ATP III Criteria (Three of Following Five Needed to Make the Diagnosis) WHO Criteria (Modified; Hyperinsulinemia [Highest Quartile for Non-Type 2 Diabetes] or FPG ≥110 mg/dl and Two of the Following) a NCEP-ATP III, National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III; WHO, World Health Organization; FPG, fasting plasma glucose. BP 130/85 (or on medication) 140/90 (or on medication) Triglycerides ≥150 mg/dl ≥150 mg/dl HDL <40 (men) or <50 (women) <35 (men) or <40 (women) Abdominal obesity Waist >40 in (men) or >35 in (women) Waist-hip ratio >0.9 (men) or >0.85 (women) or BMI ≥30 FPG ≥110 mg/dl Microalbuminuria Urinary albumin excretion rate >20 μg/min Table 2. Adipose tissue-derived proteins known to affect inflammation
TNF-α IL-6 IL-1β Leptin Adiponectin Resistin Acylation-stimulating protein SAA3 α1 acid glycoprotein Pentraxin-3 IL-1 receptor antagonist Macrophage migration inhibitor factor