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Up Front MattersScience in Renal Medicine
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Got Calcium? Welcome to the Calcium-Alkali Syndrome

Ami M. Patel and Stanley Goldfarb
JASN September 2010, 21 (9) 1440-1443; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1681/ASN.2010030255
Ami M. Patel
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Stanley Goldfarb
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Abstract

We recommend changing the name of the milk-alkali syndrome to the calcium-alkali syndrome, because the new terminology better reflects the shifting epidemiology and understanding of this disorder. The calcium-alkali syndrome is now the third most common cause of hospital admission for hypercalcemia, and those at greatest risk are postmenopausal or pregnant women. The incidence of the calcium-alkali syndrome is growing in large part as a result of the widespread use of over-the-counter calcium and vitamin D supplements. Advertising for treatment or prevention of osteoporosis has long encouraged this use. Intricate mechanisms mediating the calcium-alkali syndrome depend on interplay among intestine, kidney, and bone. New insights regarding its pathogenesis focus on the key role of calcium-sensing receptors and TRPV5 channels in the modulation of renal calcium excretion. Restoring extracellular blood volume, increasing GFR and calcium excretion, and discontinuing calcium supplementation provide best treatment.

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    • Copyright © 2010 by the American Society of Nephrology
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    Journal of the American Society of Nephrology: 21 (9)
    Journal of the American Society of Nephrology
    Vol. 21, Issue 9
    1 Sep 2010
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    Got Calcium? Welcome to the Calcium-Alkali Syndrome
    Ami M. Patel, Stanley Goldfarb
    JASN Sep 2010, 21 (9) 1440-1443; DOI: 10.1681/ASN.2010030255

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    Got Calcium? Welcome to the Calcium-Alkali Syndrome
    Ami M. Patel, Stanley Goldfarb
    JASN Sep 2010, 21 (9) 1440-1443; DOI: 10.1681/ASN.2010030255
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