Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Figure 1.
Mechanisms of calcification in VSMCs in culture and in intact vessel rings in predialysis and dialysis vessels. Superscript numbers indicate references to relevant articles.
- Figure 2.
In vivo changes in intact vessel rings from predialysis and dialysis vessels. Reprinted with permission from Shroff RC, McNair R, Figg N, Skepper JN, Schurgers L, Gupta A, Hiorns M, Donald AE, Deanfield J, Rees L, Shanahan CM: Dialysis accelerates medial vascular calcification in part by triggering smooth muscle cell apoptosis. Circulation 118: 1748–1757.
- Figure 3.
Potential mechanisms of action of VDRAs on VSMCs.
- Figure 4.
Vascular growth factors and calcification. One of the earliest phases of CVD is disturbances in molecules that control blood vessel growth such as VEGF-A and Ang. These could modify vascular calcification either indirectly by altering endothelia biology and the expression of vascular tone mediators, which in turn affect the VSMC. Alternatively, VEGF and Ang may alter VSMCs biology directly because their receptors are also found on these cells.
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- Article
- Abstract
- Sites of Calcification and Their Clinical Consequences
- Model Systems to Study Vascular Calcification
- Vascular Calcification Is Similar to Physiologic Bone Ossification
- Cellular Mechanisms of Calcium- and Phosphate-Induced Calcification
- Accelerated Calcification in Vessels from Children on Dialysis: Clinicopathological Correlations
- Emerging Concepts in VSMC Calcification
- Clinical Perspective
- Future Directions
- Disclosures
- Acknowledgments
- Footnotes
- References
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