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Leptin, body composition, and indices of malnutrition in patients on dialysis.

K L Johansen, K Mulligan, V Tai and M Schambelan
JASN June 1998, 9 (6) 1080-1084; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1681/ASN.V961080
K L Johansen
Division of Nephrology, San Francisco General Hospital, California, USA.
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K Mulligan
Division of Nephrology, San Francisco General Hospital, California, USA.
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V Tai
Division of Nephrology, San Francisco General Hospital, California, USA.
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M Schambelan
Division of Nephrology, San Francisco General Hospital, California, USA.
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Abstract

A cross-sectional study was performed in a group of dialysis patients and control subjects to identify the determinants of serum levels of leptin, the protein product of the obese (ob) gene. Twenty-eight patients on dialysis (19 patients on hemodialysis [HD] and nine patients on peritoneal dialysis [PD]) and 41 healthy control subjects were studied. For each subject, blood was drawn for measurement of serum leptin levels and body composition was analyzed by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Regression analyses were performed to determine the predictors of leptin levels, the independent contribution of HD and PD, and the relationship between leptin levels and markers of malnutrition and protein intake in the patients on dialysis. As expected, percentage of body fat was strongly correlated with leptin levels in the group as a whole and in each subgroup when analyzed separately. However, the slope of the relationship was significantly greater for dialysis patients than for control subjects (P < 0.05). Multivariate regression analysis showed that patients on HD and PD had higher leptin levels than control subjects even after adjustment for age, gender, and percentage of body fat. Univariate analyses were performed to assess the relationship between leptin levels and markers of nutritional status such as albumin, blood urea nitrogen, protein catabolic rate (PCR), transferrin, cholesterol, and lean body mass per height. There was a significant negative correlation between leptin levels and serum albumin (r = -0.598, P < 0.001) and between leptin and PCR (r = -0.433, P < 0.05) in the patients on dialysis. It is concluded that leptin levels adjusted for percentage of body fat are increased in dialysis patients compared with control subjects, particularly in those on PD. In addition, increased leptin levels are associated with low serum albumin levels and PCR in dialysis patients.

  • Copyright © 1998 by American Society of Nephrology
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Journal of the American Society of Nephrology
Vol. 9, Issue 6
1 Jun 1998
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Leptin, body composition, and indices of malnutrition in patients on dialysis.
K L Johansen, K Mulligan, V Tai, M Schambelan
JASN Jun 1998, 9 (6) 1080-1084; DOI: 10.1681/ASN.V961080

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Leptin, body composition, and indices of malnutrition in patients on dialysis.
K L Johansen, K Mulligan, V Tai, M Schambelan
JASN Jun 1998, 9 (6) 1080-1084; DOI: 10.1681/ASN.V961080
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Cited By...

  • The Relationship Between Body Composition and Bone Quality Measured with HR-pQCT in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients
  • Effects of High-Flux Hemodialysis on Clinical Outcomes: Results of the HEMO Study
  • Longitudinal study of nutritional status, body composition, and physical function in hemodialysis patients
  • Toxicity of Free p-Cresol: A Prospective and Cross-Sectional Analysis
  • Low-Molecular Weight Proteins in End-Stage Renal Disease: Potential Toxicity and Dialytic Removal Mechanisms
  • Adiponectin, Metabolic Risk Factors, and Cardiovascular Events among Patients with End-Stage Renal Disease
  • Effects of Growth Hormone on Leptin Metabolism and Energy Expenditure in Hemodialysis Patients with Protein-Calorie Malnutrition
  • Increases in Serum Leptin Levels during Peritoneal Dialysis Are Associated with Inflammation and a Decrease in Lean Body Mass
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