Table 1. Baseline characteristics by original study and CKD groupa
| Baseline Variables | ARIC (n = 12,904) | CHS (n = 4,232) | FHS (n = 1,950) | Offspring (n = 3,548) | CKDb (n = 1,664) | No CKDb (n = 20,970) | Total (n = 22,634) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| a CKD, chronic kidney disease; ARIC, Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study; CHS, Cardiovascular Health Study; FHS, Framingham Heart Study; Offspring, Framingham Offspring Study; BMI, body mass index; LVH, left ventricular hypertrophy. | |||||||
| b The P value for all variables between subjects with CKD and those without CKD is <0.05 with the exception of LVH and HDL cholesterol. | |||||||
| All values for continuous variables are means ± SD. | |||||||
| Demographic data (%) | |||||||
| age (yr) | 53.9 ± 5.7 | 72.9 ± 5.4 | 68.1 ± 7.2 | 43.9 ± 10.0 | 68.1 ± 11.4 | 56.2 ± 11.2 | 57.1 ± 11.6 |
| male | 44.5 | 38.8 | 37.6 | 48.3 | 33.1 | 44.2 | 43.4 |
| black | 27.5 | 14.5 | 0 | 0 | 9.6 | 19.1 | 18.4 |
| high school graduate | 77.9 | 72.4 | 65.5 | 92.7 | 70.1 | 78.8 | 78.2 |
| Lifestyle (%) | |||||||
| smoking, current | 25.6 | 12.4 | 25.8 | 36.2 | 15.7 | 25.5 | 24.8 |
| alcohol, current | 57.4 | 51.4 | 61.6 | 76.7 | 52.3 | 60.2 | 59.7 |
| Medical history (%) | |||||||
| diabetes | 9.5 | 13.7 | 10.9 | 3.8 | 13.9 | 9.2 | 9.5 |
| hypertension | 36.1 | 59.9 | 52.4 | 21.9 | 62.1 | 38.0 | 39.7 |
| Medication use (%) | |||||||
| antihypertensive agents | 26.6 | 38.8 | 27.9 | 8.9 | 45.9 | 24.7 | 26.2 |
| lipid-lowering agents | 2.4 | 4.3 | 2.0 | 0.6 | 3.4 | 2.3 | 2.4 |
| diabetes agents | 4.5 | 6.7 | 4.3 | 1.0 | 7.1 | 4.1 | 4.3 |
| Physical characteristics | |||||||
| BMI (kg/m2) | 27.5 ± 5.2 | 26.5 ± 4.1 | 26.2 ± 4.1 | 27.7 ± 4.6 | 26.9 ± 4.5 | 27.3 ± 4.9 | 27.2 ± 4.9 |
| systolic BP (mmHg) | 121.1 ± 18.6 | 136.3 ± 21.4 | 135.6 ± 18.6 | 122.0 ± 16.3 | 134.7 ± 22.1 | 124.6 ± 19.6 | 125.3 ± 20.0 |
| diastolic BP (mmHg) | 73.9 ± 11.2 | 71.3 ± 11.5 | 75.9 ± 9.8 | 78.0 ± 9.7 | 73.6 ± 11.5 | 74.3 ± 11.1 | 74.3 ± 11.1 |
| LVH (%) | 4.8 | 3.4 | 1.2 | 0.3 | 3.4 | 3.5 | 3.5 |
| Laboratory values | |||||||
| creatinine calibrated (mg/dl) | 0.9 ± 0.2 | 0.9 ± 0.3 | 0.9 ± 0.3 | 0.8 ± 0.2 | 1.3 ± 0.3 | 0.8 ± 0.2 | 0.9 ± 0.2 |
| GFR (ml/min per 1.73 m2) | 93.3 ± 19.8 | 79.9 ± 22.0 | 83.2 ± 28.3 | 98.7 ± 28.3 | 51.7 ± 7.6 | 93.9 ± 21.4 | 90.8 ± 23.4 |
| total cholesterol (mg/dl) | 214 ± 42 | 212 ± 39 | 230 ± 41 | 233 ± 47 | 224 ± 46 | 218 ± 43 | 218 ± 43 |
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dl) | 52 ± 17 | 56 ± 16 | 51 ± 15 | 49 ± 13 | 52 ± 16 | 52 ± 16 | 52 ± 16 |