Comparison of the access flow and survival of AVF between HD patients with and without FIR therapy for 1 yra
| Parameter | Control Group | FIR Group | P |
|---|---|---|---|
| No. completing study | 64 | 63 | — |
| Qa1 (ml/min) | 992.8 ± 473.8 | 975.2 ± 421.9 | 0.58 |
| Qa2 (ml/min) | 975.9 ± 444.3 | 948.6 ± 432.7 | 0.26 |
| Δ(Qa2 − Qa1) (ml/min) | −16.9 ± 130.3 | −26.6 ± 105.5 | 0.72 |
| Qa1/CO1 | 0.206 ± 0.088 | 0.204 ± 0.078 | 0.90 |
| Qa2/CO2 | 0.223 ± 0.095 | 0.225 ± 0.107 | 0.93 |
| Δ[(Qa2/CO2) − (Qa1/CO1)] | 0.017 ± 0.060 | 0.021 ± 0.059 | 0.75 |
| Qa3 (ml/min) | 941.1 ± 367.9 | 1011.6 ± 447.0 | 0.14 |
| Qa4 (ml/min) | 928.4 ± 387.5 | 1047.8 ± 463.2 | 0.07 |
| Qa3/CO3 | 0.194 ± 0.071 | 0.213 ± 0.077 | 0.16 |
| Qa4/CO4 | 0.197 ± 0.074 | 0.237 ± 0.079 | 0.004 |
| Δ(Qa4 − Qa3) (ml/min) | −12.7 ± 153.6 | 36.2 ± 82.4 | 0.027 |
| Δ[(Qa4/CO4) − (Qa3/CO3)] | 0.003 ± 0.047 | 0.024 ± 0.033 | 0.004 |
| Δ(Qa3 − Qa1) (ml/min) | −51.7 ± 283.1 | 36.3 ± 166.2 | 0.035 |
| Δ[(Qa3/CO3) − (Qa1/CO1)] | −0.012 ± 0.064 | 0.009 ± 0.040 | 0.031 |
| Δ(Qa4 − Qa2) (ml/min) | −47.5 ± 244.5 | 99.2 ± 144.4 | <0.001 |
| Δ[(Qa4/CO4) − (Qa2/CO2)] | −0.026 ± 0.056 | 0.013 ± 0.060 | <0.001 |
| Δ(Qa4 − Qa2) − Δ(Qa3 − Qa1) (ml/min) | 4.1 ± 184.5 | 62.9 ± 111.6 | 0.032 |
| Δ[(Qa4/CO4) − (Qa2/CO2)] − Δ[(Qa3/CO3) − (Qa1/CO1)] | −0.014 ± 0.068 | 0.004 ± 0.068 | 0.049 |
| No. starting study | 73 | 72 | — |
| patients with new AVF malfunction (%) | 22 (30.1%) | 9 (12.5%) | <0.01 |
| patients with thrombosis of AVF | 6 (8.2%) | 2 (2.8%) | 0.15 |
| Patients with intervention of AVF | 16 (21.9%) | 7 (9.7%) | 0.044 |
| Total observations (patient-months) | 802.4 | 812.6 | — |
| New episodes of AVF malfunction during study | 30 | 12 | — |
| Episode of AVF malfunction/patient-months | 1/26.7 | 1/67.7 | 0.03 |
↵a Qa1, access flow measured within first hour after the initiation of the HD session immediately before the commencement of this study; Qa2, access flow measured 40 min after Qa1 measurement during the HD session immediately before the commencement of this study; Qa3, access flow measured before FIR treatment or within first hour after the initiation of the HD session when the study was completed; Qa4, access flow measured 40 min after Qa3 or immediately after FIR treatment during the HD session when the study was completed; Δ(Qa4 − Qa3), sum of the thermal effect by FIR and the hemodynamic effect by HD on the change of Qa; Δ(Qa3 − Qa1), nonthermal effect of 1 yr of FIR on the change of Qa; Δ(Qa4 − Qa2), sum of the thermal effect (for 40 min) and the nonthermal effect (for 1 yr) by FIR on Qa; [Δ(Qa4 − Qa2) − Δ(Qa3 − Qa1)], thermal effect of 40 min of FIR on the change of Qa.